Which type of chemical can be added to water to prevent scaling in Reverse Osmosis systems?

The addition of an antiscalant is critical in controlling scaling in Reverse Osmosis (RO) systems. These chemicals are specifically designed to inhibit the precipitation of scale-forming minerals, such as calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, and strontium sulfate, which can accumulate on RO membranes and reduce their efficiency and lifespan. By keeping these minerals in a soluble form, antiscalants help maintain optimal water flow through the membranes and enhance the overall performance of the RO system.

Antiscalants function by altering the surface characteristics of the scale-forming minerals and preventing their growth or aggregation. This action ensures that the RO membranes do not become clogged with scale, which is essential for maintaining the system's efficiency and reducing maintenance costs.